U.S. vows to return more looted antiquities as Italy welcomes home 600 artifacts
ROME — Italy on Tuesday celebrated the return of around 600 antiquities from the U.S., including ancient bronze statues, gold coins, mosaics and manuscripts valued at $65 million, that were looted years ago, sold to U.S. museums, galleries and collectors and recovered as a result of criminal investigations.
U.S. Ambassador Jack Markell; Matthew Bogdanos, the head of the antiquities trafficking unit of the Manhattan district attorney’s office; and members of the U.S. Homeland Security Department’s investigations unit were on hand for the presentation alongside the leadership of Italy’s Culture Ministry and Carabinieri art squad.
It was the latest presentation of the fruits of Italy’s decades-old effort to recover antiquities that were looted or stolen from its territory by “tombaroli” — tomb raiders — and sold to antiquities dealers who often forged or fudged provenance records to resell the loot to high-end buyers, auction houses and museums.
The so-called Getty Bronze, which was pulled from the sea in 1964 by Italian fishermen and exported out of Italy illegally, was purchased by the Getty in 1977.
Markell said that Washington was committed to returning the stolen loot “to where it belongs” as a sign of respect for Italy and its cultural and artistic heritage.
“We know that safeguarding this history requires care and vigilance, and this is why we do what we do,” he said, adding that the U.S. was keeping a close eye on the latest target for art traffickers: Ukraine.
Not included in the latest haul from the U.S. was the “Victorious Youth” ancient Greek bronze statue, the object of a decades-long court battle between Italy and the Getty Museum. The prized statue, which currently resides at the Getty Villa in Malibu, recently made headlines anew when the European Court of Human Rights strongly backed Italy’s right to seize it, reaffirming that it had been illegally exported from Italy.
Bogdanos and Homeland Security officials declined to comment on whether or when the “Victorious Youth” might be returned, saying it’s part of an ongoing investigation.
Italy’s version of the Supreme Court has ruled that one of the J.
Among the most valuable artifacts on display Tuesday was a 4th century Naxos silver coin depicting Dionysius, the god of wine, that was looted from an illicit excavation site in Sicily before 2013 and smuggled to the United Kingdom. Bogdanos said the coin, which was being offered for sale for $500,000, was found in New York last year as part of an investigation into a noted British coin dealer.
He said that other items were returned from New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art and some of the well-known New York philanthropists who donated artifacts to its collections that turned out to have been stolen.
The returned artifacts, ranging from the 9th century B.C. to the 2nd century, also included a life-size bronze figure, as well as bronze heads and multiple Etruscan vases. Other items, including oil paintings from the 16th and 19th centuries, had been stolen from Italian museums, religious institutions and private homes in well-documented thefts, the Carabinieri said.
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Bogdanos, who forged an alliance with the Carabinieri art squad as they tried to recover Iraq’s stolen antiquities after the U.S. invasion, said that Washington doesn’t distinguish between items taken during illicit excavations or those stolen in thefts: It all amounts to looting.
“Looting is local,” Bogdanos said. Locals “know when the security guards come on, they know when they come off. They know when the security guards are guarding particular sites and not others. They know when there are scientific, proper, approved archaeological excavations, and then they know when those archaeological excavations close for example, for the winter or for lack of funding.”
Given that, he said, there will always be looting.
“Our job is to minimize it, increase the risk to those who would engage in this traffic, convict them and where appropriate, sentence them,” Bogdanos said.
Winfield writes for the Associated Press.
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