India to hold first assembly elections in disputed Kashmir in 10 years

SRINAGAR, India —  India has announced three-phased assembly elections in disputed Kashmir, the first in a decade and in a new political environment after Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government in 2019 stripped the Muslim-majority region of its semi-autonomy and downgraded it to a federally controlled territory.

Since those changes the region has remained on edge, governed by a New Delhi appointed administrator and run by bureaucrats with no democratic credentials.

The polls will be held between Sept. 18 and Oct. 1, India’s Election Commission has said. . The vote will take place in a staggered process, allowing the government to deploy tens of thousands of troops to prevent any outbreak of violence. Votes will be counted Oct. 4.

Voters will elect a local government — a chief minister who will serve as the region’s top official with a council of ministers — from pro-India parties participating in the balloting. The local assembly will barely have any legislative powers with only nominal control over education and culture. Legislating laws for the region will continue to be the responsibility of India’s parliament and policy decisions will be made in the capital.

Local politicians have demanded the earliest restoration of statehood so that full legislative powers could be returned to the local assembly.

Public reaction to the announcement has been mixed.

“We are happy that we will finally have our election,” said Haya Javaid, a resident of Srinagar, the region’s main city.

“It would have been great if they [authorities] had also announced the restoration of statehood” for the region, said another resident, Malik Zahoor.

Mohit Bhan, a spokesman for Kashmir’s People’s Democratic Party, said Friday’s announcement was “too little, too late.” He wrote on social platform X that the region “has been reduced to a municipality” that was “once a powerful state with special status.”

“This isn’t democracy, it’s a mockery. Restoring full statehood should be the first step,” he added.

The 2024 elections will be held for 90 constituencies, excluding Ladakh. In 2022, the Indian government redrew assembly constituencies and added four seats to Hindu-dominated Jammu and three to the overwhelmingly Muslim-majority Kashmir Valley. The former state assembly had 87 members including four from Ladakh.

The last assembly election was held in 2014 after which Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party for the first time ruled the region in a coalition with the People’s Democratic Party. In 2018, the BJP withdrew its support for the government, after which the assembly was dissolved.

A year later, New Delhi divided the region into Ladakh and Jammu-Kashmir while scrapping its statehood amid a massive security and communications lockdown.

Kashmir is divided between nuclear-armed rivals India and Pakistan. Each administers part of the territory, but both claim the entire territory. Militants in the Indian-controlled portion of Kashmir have been fighting New Delhi’s rule since 1989.

India insists the Kashmir militancy is Pakistan-sponsored terrorism. Pakistan denies the allegation, and most Kashmiris consider it a legitimate freedom struggle. Tens of thousands of civilians, rebels and government forces have been killed in the conflict.