In Zimbabwe, starving people are willing to risk coronavirus to get food, water on the table

HARARE, Zimbabwe —  “We are already ruined. What more harm can coronavirus do?” Irene Kampira asked as she sorted secondhand clothes at a bustling market in a poor suburb of Zimbabwe’s capital, Harare.

People in one of the world’s most economically devastated nations are choosing daily survival over measures to protect themselves from a virus that “might not even kill us,” Kampira said.

Even as the country entered a “total lockdown” over the virus on Monday, social distancing is being pushed aside in the struggle to obtain food, cash, cheap public transport, even clean water. The World Health Organization’s recommended virus precautions seem far-fetched for many of Zimbabwe’s 15 million people.

“It’s better to get coronavirus while looking for money than to sit at home and die from hunger,” Kampira said, to loud approval from other vendors.

The southern African nation has few cases, but its health system is in tatters, and the virus could quickly overwhelm it. Hundreds of public hospital doctors and nurses have gone on strike over the lack of protective equipment. Many Zimbabweans are already vulnerable from hunger or underlying health issues such as HIV, which is present in 12% of the population.

Last year, a United Nations expert called the number of hungry people in Zimbabwe “shocking” for a country not in conflict. The World Food Program has said more than 7 million people, or half the country, need aid.

Harare, like most cities and towns across Zimbabwe, has an acute water shortage; residents at times go for months, even years, without a working tap. Many must crowd communal wells, despite fear that the close contact will speed the coronavirus’ spread.

“If the taps were working, we wouldn’t be here, swarming the well like bees on a beehive or flies on sewage. We are busy exchanging coronavirus here, coughing and spitting saliva at each other,” Annastancia Jack, 18, said while waiting her turn.

The government has closed borders and banned gatherings of more than 50 people while encouraging residents to stay at home.

But the majority of Zimbabweans need to go out daily to put food on the table. With inflation of more than 500%, most industries have closed, leaving many people to become street vendors. Zimbabwe has the world’s second-largest informal economy after Bolivia, according to the International Monetary Fund.

Police in recent days have tried, in vain, to clear vendors from the streets. As in other African countries where many people rely on informal markets, a lockdown could mean immediate food shortages.

Once-prosperous Zimbabwe was full of renewed promise with the forced resignation in late 2017 of longtime leader Robert Mugabe. But President Emmerson Mnangagwa has struggled to fulfill promises of prosperity since taking power. He blames the country’s crisis in part on sanctions imposed on certain individuals, including himself, by the U.S. over alleged rights abuses.

Daily necessities in Zimbabwe make social distancing an elusive ideal. In downtown Harare, hordes of people congregate at banks for cash, which is in short supply. Others pack public transport.

“We are the only ones practicing social distancing — we sit in our cars all day,” said Blessing Hwiribisha, a motorist in a fuel line snaking for more than half a mile in the poor suburb of Kuwadzana.

“Look at them,” he said, pointing at a supermarket across the road where hundreds of people shoved to buy maize meal, which has become scarce because of a devastating drought and lack of foreign currency to import more.

“What is happening in Zimbabwe is very scary,” said Tinashe Moyo at the supermarket. “It’s like we are playing cards. It’s either you win coronavirus or you win starvation. I am very scared.”

Few health workers are available as doctors and nurses strike.

“There is a difference between being heroic and being suicidal,” said Tawanda Zvakada, president of the Zimbabwe Hospital Doctors Assn.

Health workers described a lack of disinfectants, sanitizers and even water at hospitals. Yet Health Minister Obadiah Moyo repeatedly says Zimbabwe is “well-prepared” to deal with COVID-19 cases.

Frightened health workers cited the death of a prominent broadcaster at an ill-equipped isolation center specifically reserved for COVID-19 cases.

“They didn’t have a ventilator to help him,” Zvakada said. “The inability of our system to manage one patient is worrying. What about when there are 50 patients?”

Zimbabwe has has fewer than 20 ventilators to help people in severe respiratory distress, he said, adding that the country needs hundreds to adequately deal with the virus.

“We see a situation where Zimbabwe can become a graveyard if we are not careful,” said Itai Rusike, director of the Harare-based Community Working Group on Health.