Rare, hefty blue diamond found in South Africa; check out these gems

1/1

In 2003, the deep-blue Hope Diamond -- 45.52 carats -- is placed on a mirror at the Smithsonian’s Natural History Museum in Washington. Researchers using computer analysis have traced the origin of the blue diamond, concluding it was cut from a larger stone that was once part of the crown jewels of France. (Ron Edmonds / Associated Press)

By Amy Hubbard

Jan. 22, 2014 10:38 AM PT

A big blue diamond has been found at a South African mine known for churning out famous diamonds, and the stone could be worth tens of millions of dollars.

The diamond, extracted from the Cullinan mine near Pretoria, is 29.6 carats.

Larger blue diamonds “can sell for over $1 million a carat,” diamond expert Russell Shor told the Los Angeles Times on Wednesday morning.

“Blue diamonds are one of the most coveted colors of all diamonds,” said Shor, senior industry analyst at the Gemological Institute of America. A colored diamond pops up about once among every 10,000 diamonds mined. “And a really prime blue diamond is 1 in 10,000 of those,” he said, “so you’re talking about maybe three or four out of all the millions that are mined each year” that are more than a carat. Thus, the blue diamond is an “exceptional rarity.”

PHOTOS: Cute animals, just because

What’s the very rarest? The red diamond. There may be 20 known red diamonds in existence, Shor noted.

Petra Diamonds has owned the Cullinan mine since 2008. But Cullinan has been in operation for nearly 110 years, Shor said. The famous Taylor-Burton diamond was found there. And in 1905, the largest-ever diamond -- the Cullinan diamond -- was mined. That behemoth was 3,106 carats. It was cut into nine stones, Shor said.

“The largest one, which was 530 carats, was mounted in Queen Elizabeth’s scepter,” on display in London at the crown jewels exhibit.

In a statement Tuesday, Petra Diamonds said the newly discovered gem “is a vivid blue with extraordinary tone and clarity, and could yield a polished stone of great value.”

Experts will likely spend some time studying this stone, according to Shor.

“It’s not like years ago where you had a guy with a loop hunched over a stool,” he noted. “Today they do it by computer modeling, and you can superimpose diamond shapes.

“The first thing they’ll look for is inclusions,” or flaws in the diamond, “and also cracks or fissures that might make the stone unstable .... Then you try to cut around those. And you need a shape that’s appealing.”

The diamond will be cut to maximize “the body color,” he said. “Typically the yield is about 30% to 40%” of the stone, plus some smaller “satellite stones.”

Another blue diamond, weighing 25.5 carats, found at Cullinan last year sold for $16.9 million, so the new blue beauty stands to grab an even higher price.

Follow me at @AmyTheHub

Dodger Stadium on ice for hockey game: How does that work?

Watch First Lady Michelle Obama horsing around with the Miami Heat

No movie: The Jamaican bobsled team needs financial help getting to Sochi